How to measure
- Neck: just below your Adam’s apple (voice box), with the tape sloping slightly down toward the front.
- Waist: men at the navel; women at the narrowest point of the natural waist, often just above the navel.
- Hips (women): around the widest part of your seat.
Stand tall and relaxed, breathe out normally, and don’t pull in your stomach. Keep the tape level and snug without pressing into the skin. Measure two or three times and use the average, at the same time of day each time.
The two methods
U.S. Navy tape method
Uses your height and a few circumferences. Done carefully, it usually lands within a few percentage points of lab tests, which makes it a great at-home tracker.
BMI method
An adult formula (Deurenberg, 1991) that estimates body fat from your BMI, age and sex. It’s quick but rougher, because it can’t see muscle.
Neither is perfect. The real value is the trend: measure every two to four weeks and watch the direction.
Fat mass and lean mass
Fat mass is the weight of the fat in your body. Lean mass is everything else: muscle, bone, organs and water.
When you lose weight, you want most of it to come from fat. If your lean mass holds steady while your weight drops, your training and protein are doing their job.
Why women’s ranges are higher
Women carry more essential fat, the fat the body needs for hormones and reproductive health, so healthy ranges run about 8 to 10 points higher than men’s. Going too low isn’t a goal for anyone: very low body fat can affect hormones, bones, mood and energy.
How Josh uses numbers like these

Numbers help, but they’re only part of the story. Josh coaches mindset first (he says it’s about 60 percent of the work), then consistency, with lots of variety so training stays fun.
He lost 62 pounds himself in his early 50s, so he knows the hard part isn’t the math. It’s showing up on busy days and getting back on track after a slip. He focuses on building strength and keeping your muscle, so the changes you see are the ones you want.
For a personal eating plan or a medical diet, Josh will point you to your doctor or a licensed dietitian.